International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Volume 6 Issue 1 (January-February 2023)

    • Comparative Evaluation of Some Liver Enzymes in Preeclamptic and Non-Preeclamptic Patients in the Enugu Metropolis South East Nigeria
      Abstract:
      Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most common causes of maternal mortality and morbidity. It complicates 3-6% of all pregnancies globally and up to 15% of pregnancies in the Sub-Saharan Africa. The present study was designed to determine the level of liver enzymes in preeclamptic patients compared to control in the Enugu metropolis. A total of 70 subjects comprising 35 preeclamptic patients and 35 non-preeclamptic controls aged 18-40years were recruited for the study. Blood samples (10ml) were collected from subjects for estimation of liver enzymes involving the Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels using Randox Kit, UK.The data was analyzed using T-test and Pearson correlation. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The result revealed significant increase in ALT (57.70+28.72 vs14.19+2.96Iu/L), AST (42.54+8.66 vs 10.5+3.801u/L) and ALP (380.12+15+62 vs 174.14+46.531u/L) between the preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic subjects. There was a significant positive association of the ALT (p=0.031 vs 0.700) and AST (p=0.02 vs 0.222) with the systolic blood pressure between the preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic subjects as well as the ALT(p=0.011 vs 0.106) and AST(p=0.003 vs 0.225) with the diastolic blood pressure between the preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic subjects. These findings provides scientific evidence for the management of the adverse outcomes of preeclampsia in our population.


      Keywords:: Preeclampsia, Liver enzymes, Enugu Metropolis.



    • The Effectiveness of Web Base Programs on the Reduction of Obesity among Adults at Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 2022. Experimental Study
      Abstract:
      Background:Individual behavioral habits that contribute to overweight and obesity include a poor diet and a lack of physical activity. These are linked to more diseases, a worse quality of life, early weakness, and higher mortality. Individualized web-based therapies show promise in changing behavior and achieving successful weight loss at a low cost. The long-term implications, however, have not yet been fully examined. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of regular attendance in a 12-week web-based weight loss program. Setting: The study was carried out in PHCS. at Makkah. Research Design: Experimental study used a pragmatic approach, with enrollment and outcomes assessment being exclusively online. Subject: After randomization, they attended the first medical examination and the second after completing the 12-week weight loss program. N = 50 of the intervention. Results: Regarding the number of hours of sleep, there is no significant differences between before and after web base programs on the reduction of obesity; related to the amount of water you drink per day there is statistically significant differences between before and after web base programs on the reduction of obesity. There are statistically significant differences before and after participants’ dietary intakes from baseline to 12 weeks with full-fat milk, low or skimmed milk, Fish and Brown bread, fruits, Vegetables, Fruit juices, Soft drinks, Desserts (cake - cookies...), French fries, or chips and fast food (p= <0.001*). Recommendation: should be enhanced web-based program features, such as personalized feedback, is required to determine what features are necessary to elicit and support individuals to positively change their eating habits.


      Keywords:: Web base programs, Reduction of obesity.



      • The Level of Knowledge and Determinants of Children’s Developmental Milestones From Birth to 36 Months Among Mothers Attending Well-Baby Clinic at Al-Eskan Primary Health Care Center in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 2018
        Abstract:
        Aim: To evaluate the level of knowledge and the determinants about the children’s developmental milestones among mothers. Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study on 197 mothers attending the Well-Baby Clinic with their children at Al-Eskan primary health care center. Data were collected using the Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory. Results: The main sources of mothers’ knowledge about children’s developmental milestones were their family/friends, internet and social media. About half of mothers had poor knowledge regarding general knowledge about developmental milestones. Non-Saudi mothers had poorer knowledge regarding cognitive and socialemotional development of infants than Saudi mothers p<0.05. Mothers with lowest education had significantly poorest knowledge. Unemployed mothers had significantly poorer knowledge regarding cognitive and socialemotional development of toddlers than employed mothers p<0.02. Mothers with low educational status had significantly poorer knowledge regarding gross and fine motor development of children than employed mothers p<0.05. Younger mothers had significantly poorer general knowledge regarding developmental milestones of children p<0.05. Non-Saudi mothers had significantly poorer general knowledge than Saudi mothers p<0.05. Mothers with low education had significantly poorer general knowledge p<0.001. Unemployed mothers had significantly poorer general knowledge than employed mothers p<0.02. Conclusions: Mothers’ knowledge about developmental milestones is suboptimal. Their main sources of information are family/friends, internet. Younger, non-Saudi, less educated, and unemployed mothers have less knowledge than older, Saudi, more educated and employed ones.


        Keywords:: Developmental milestones, mothers’ knowledge, primary health care, well-baby clinic.



        • Clinical Evaluation of Retreatment of Endodonticaly Treated Teeth with two Different Rotary File System
          Abstract:
          Aim: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate and compare the intensity of postoperative pain after root canal retreatment with two different rotary file systems.
          Methodology: Patients for root canal retreatment were assigned to one of the two retreatment file system groups (HyflexEDM and Neoendo retreatment file). The gutta percha from obturated canal was removed. The working length was determined to be 1 mm shorterthan the ‘0.0’ mark of the apex locator. Root canals were filled with gutta-percha and an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer using a lateral compaction technique. The teeth were restored using a resin composite material. A single operator performed the retreatments in a single visit.Participants were asked to rate the incidence and intensity of the postoperative pain on a verbal rating scale 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. Also,if any analgesic tablets were taken, the number is noted.
          Conclusion: Both the retreatment file system performed similarly after retreatment in endodontically treated teeth.


          Keywords:: Hyflex EDM, Neo endo retreatment file, Post operative pain.



          • The Effect of Counseling Using Pocketbooks on Knowledge of Attitudes and Behavior of Parents of Deaf Children in SLB Happy Foundation, Tasikmalaya City
            Abstract:
            The prevalence of dental and oral diseases such as caries and periodontal disease that often occurs in children, especially children with special needs with hearing loss (deaf children) is higher than in normal people due to their limited abilities. This limitation in listening and speaking is one of the obstacles for deaf people to gain knowledge about dental and oral health which will later determine children's attitudes and actions in maintaining oral hygiene. This study aimed to see the effect of counseling using pocketbooks on the knowledge of attitudes and behavior in maintaining dental health for parents of deaf children at the Happy Foundation Special School, Tasikmalaya City. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental with one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample of this research was carried out by purposive sampling, namely parents of deaf children at the Happy Foundation Special School of Tasikmalaya City, totaling 29 people and were taken based on certain criteria. The targeted mandatory output is in the form of copyright in the first year and development to media printing for the following year. The current proposed TKT is 3 and the final target TKT is 4. Result: The results of the knowledge, attitude, and behavior T-test before and after treatment was very significant because p <0.005. Conclusion : There is the effect of counseling using pocket books on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of parents of deaf children at SLB Yayasan Bahagia Kota Tasikmalaya


            Keywords:: Pocket book; parents of deaf children; knowledge; attitude; behavior



            • Kenikir Leaf Extract (Cosmos Caudatus) Effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus Compared to Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria
              Abstract:
              Background: Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were known as the predominant bacteria in root canal infection cases. NaOCl was used as root canal irrigation to eliminate those bacteria, but it contains cytotoxic properties. Kenikir leaves have antimicrobial potential against those oral bacteria. Purpose: To determine the antibacterial effectiveness of kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus compared to Enterococcus faecalis at 10% and 40% concentrations. Methods: This research is an in vitro laboratory experiment using a post-test-only control group design. A 10% and 40% Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) leaf extract were analyzed in comparison to DMSO (negative control) and NaOCl2.5% (positive control) against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis using the disc diffusion method with six repetitions. Results: ANOVA test results showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the diameters of the inhibition zones of 10%, 40% kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) leaf extract, and 2.5% NaOCl, namely 8.38 ± 1.29 mm; 11.05 ± 0.92 mm and 23.28 ± 4.12 mm in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus, and 7.55 ± 0.39 mm; 8.93 ± 0.43 mm and 21.2 ± 4.65 mm in inhibiting Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion: Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) leaf extract was more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than Enterococcus faecalis at both concentrations.


              Keywords:: Antibacterial, Cosmos caudatus, Enterococcus faecalis, Kenikir Leaf, Staphylococcus aureus



              • Primary Pseudotumoral liver tuberculosis: A great mimicker!!
                Abstract:
                Tuberculosis remains a worldwide health problem. Abdominal tuberculosis is frequent; however liver tuberculosis is uncommon especially in the absence of miliary tuberculosis. We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who presented with pain in right hypochondria and weight loss. CT scan of abdomen showed hypodense mass lesion involving segments II and III with heterogenous enhancement. Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation with suppurative necrosis and confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic tuberculosis. It was concluded a case of isolated hepatic tuberculosis without evidence of other primary sites involvement. Anti-tuberculosis therapy was started. The patient is doing well at the time of the last follow up.


                Keywords:: About five key words in alphabetical order, separated by comma



                • Risky fetal heart rate and potential birth defects at 2 months pregnancy resolved successfully using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing protocols: A case study
                  Abstract:
                  Introduction: Fetal Heart Rate (FHR), the pulsations as determined in ultrasound tests, serve as an important criterion for confirmation of fetal viability. If FHRis found abnormal in first trimester, appropriate interventions may be needed to save pregnancy. This article presents a case of 2 months pregnancy of a 30 years old woman who had undergone YPV healing treatment to save her pregnancy, when her doctor advised to considerabortion.
                  Method: Case study method is used in this article by collecting data from patient medical records, healer’s records and patient feedback.
                  Results: After 20 days of YPV healing, ultra sound test revealed normal FHR and also fetus development normal as per her doctor’s assessment. The patient was advised to proceed with conception and delivery. Further sonographic tests after 3 weeks confirmed safe pregnancy.
                  Conclusions: Regular medical and nursing care, known as prenatal care or antenatal care, is strongly recommended to women during pregnancy. Yoga Prana Vidya protocols can effectively contribute to antenatal care to heal both the mother and fetus as needed without any drugs and even distantly, which is the safest mode to save pregnancy and maintain good health for both. Further research is recommended with appropriate sample and methodology.


                  Keywords:: Antenatal care, safe pregnancy, Complementary & alternative medicine, Yoga Prana Vidya System®, YPV ®